What is a condition resulting from the lack of oxygen to the brain which can cause paralysis, speech problems or dementia?

A stroke is indeed a condition that results from a lack of oxygen to the brain, which can lead to serious complications such as paralysis, difficulties with speech, and cognitive issues including dementia. Strokes occur when the blood supply to a part of the brain is interrupted, often due to a blood clot or the rupture of a blood vessel. The brain cells in the affected area begin to die due to the lack of oxygen and nutrients, leading to the varied symptoms associated with a stroke.

In contrast, a heart attack pertains to the heart's blood supply being blocked, which does not directly cause the same type of brain-related symptoms. Seizures can disrupt brain activity, but they do not stem from an oxygen deficiency in the brain, nor do they inherently lead to long-term issues like paralysis or dementia. A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury typically resulting from a blow to the head and might lead to temporary cognitive disturbances but is not linked to the oxygen deprivation that characterizes strokes.